Women face unique issues when it comes to substance use, in part influenced by:
- *Sex—differences based on biology
- *Gender—differences based on culturally defined roles for men and women
Scientists who study substance use have discovered that women who use drugs can have issues related to hormones, menstrual cycle, fertility, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and menopause. In addition, women themselves describe unique reasons for using drugs, including controlling weight, fighting exhaustion, coping with pain, and attempts to self-treat mental health problems.
19.5 million females (or 15.4 percent) ages 18 or older have used illicit* drugs in the past year.1 *The term "illicit" refers to the use of illegal drugs, including marijuana according to federal law, and misuse of prescription medications.
8.4 million females (or 6.6 percent) ages 18 and older have misused prescription drugs in the past year.1
The number of women with opioid use disorder at labor and delivery quadrupled from 1999-2014.3
Sex and Gender Differences in Substance Use Disorder Treatment
If a pregnant woman attempts to suddenly stop using drugs and alcohol without medical help, she can put her fetus at risk.
It is important to note that treatment for substance use disorders in women may progress differently than for men. Women report using some substances for a shorter period of time when they enter treatment. However, women's substance use tends to progress more quickly from first use to addiction. Withdrawal may also be more intense for women. In some cases, women respond differently than men to certain treatments. For instance, nicotine replacement (patch or gum) does not work as well for women as for men.
Sex and Gender Differences in Substance Use Disorder Treatment
If a pregnant woman attempts to suddenly stop using drugs and alcohol without medical help, she can put her fetus at risk.
USA National Institute on Drug Abuse – Updated June 2019
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/substance-use-in-women
Извор: WUNRN - 31.10.2019
