United Nations
General Assembly - A/HRC/30/35
Thirtieth Session
Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development
Report of the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery, including its Causes and Consequences, Urmila Bhoola
Summary
Following a brief overview of the activities carried out by the mandate, the Special Rapporteur in the present report provides a thematic study on enforcing the accountability of States and businesses for preventing, mitigating and redressing contemporary forms of slavery in supply chains.
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Contents Page
I. Introduction........................................................................................................................ 3
II. Activities of the mandate..................................................................................................... 3
III. Enforcing State and business accountability for ending contemporary forms
of slavery in supply chains ................................................................................................... 4
A. International and regional normative framework for the duty of States
to protect the right not to be subjected to slavery and slavery-like practices.................. 5
B. Causes and prevalence of contemporary forms of slavery
in supply chains and examples of sectors at risk............................................................. 6
C. Steps taken by States to comply with their duty to ensure business
accountability for ending contemporary forms of slavery in supply chains....................... 9
D. International framework for the responsibility of businesses
to respect human rights.............................................................................................. 12
E. Business and stakeholder initiatives to address contemporary forms
of slavery in supply chains ..........................................................................................14
F. Corporate legal liability and access to remedies in cases involving
contemporary forms of slavery in supply chains........................................................... 16
G. Some challenges and gaps to ensuring the accountability of States and businesses
for contemporary forms of slavery in supply chains...................................................... 18
IV. Conclusion and recommendations............................................................................... 19
http://www.antislavery.org/english/slavery_today/what_is_modern_slavery.aspx
WHAT IS MODERN SLAVERY?
Slavery did not end with abolition in the 19th century.
The practice still continues today in one form or another in every country in the world. From women forced into prostitution, children and adults forced to work in agriculture, domestic work, or factories and sweatshops producing goods for global supply chains, entire families forced to work for nothing to pay off generational debts; or girls forced to marry older men, the illegal practice still blights contemporary world.
According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) around 21 million men, women and children around the world are in a form of slavery.
There are many different characteristics that distinguish slavery from other human rights violations, however only one needs to be present for slavery to exist. Someone is in slavery if they are:
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forced to work - through mental or physical threat;
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owned or controlled by an 'employer', usually through mental or physical abuse or the threat of abuse;
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dehumanised, treated as a commodity or bought and sold as 'property';
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physically constrained or has restrictions placed on his/her freedom of movement.
Contemporary slavery takes various forms and affects people of all ages, gender and races.
WHAT FORMS OF SLAVERY EXIST TODAY?
Many forms of slavery involve more than one element or form listed above. For example, trafficking often involves an advance payment for the trip and organising a promised job abroad which is borrowed from the traffickers. Once at the destination, the debt incurred serves as an element of controlling the victims as they are told they cannot leave the job until the debt is paid off.
Извор: WUNRN – 06.09.2015
